Sales Document Types in SAP: Usage, Control Parameters & Configuration

Understanding Sales Document Types in SAP is essential for anyone working with order processing and customer relationship management within the SAP system. These document types determine how sales processes are handled, how data is processed, and what control mechanisms are triggered. 

What is a Sales Document Type in SAP?

A Sales Document Type in SAP defines the characteristics and processing rules for sales transactions. Each type governs the flow of the document, the underlying data structure, and the associated business rules.

Commonly Used SAP Sales Document Types

Here are some of the most frequently used sales document types in SAP and their primary purposes:
 
Document Type Description
OR Standard Order
RE Returns
FD Delivery Free of Charge

These types differ in terms of how they manage pricing, inventory, billing, and delivery.

Control Parameters for Sales Document Types

Each sales document type in SAP has specific control parameters. Let's take a deeper look using an example: ZOWN – Custom Sales Document Type.

General Controls

Division Check Options:
  • Blank – No division check is performed
  • 1 – Dialog informs the user if the division differs from the material master
  • 2 – Error is generated if there's a division mismatch

Shipping Controls

Immediate Delivery Setting:
  • Blank – Delivery is created manually, after sales order is saved
  • 1 – Delivery is created automatically upon saving the order
  • 2 – Delivery is created only if the quantity can be confirmed for today
These control parameters help businesses streamline or restrict certain actions based on operational needs.

How to Maintain Sales Document Types in SAP

To configure or modify a sales document type:
1. Go to transaction VOV8
2. Double-click on the specific document type you wish to edit
3. Customize the settings according to your business requirements

VOV8 Configuration Options Include:

  • Enabling or disabling credit limit checks
  • Defining the default delivery type
  • Specifying the default billing type
  • Applying usage blocks to restrict certain document types
Proper configuration ensures that each sales process aligns with business rules and SAP best practices.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is the purpose of sales document types in SAP?

They control how sales transactions are processed, including order types, delivery rules, billing, and credit checks.

2. Can I create custom sales document types?

Yes, using transaction VOV8, you can create and configure custom types like ZOWN.

3. What is the difference between OR and RE document types?

OR (Standard Order) is used for regular sales, while RE (Returns) handles returned goods from customers.

4. How do division checks affect order processing?

Division checks ensure consistency between the division in the order and the material master, helping avoid data errors.

5. What happens if I set Immediate Delivery to '1'?

A delivery is created automatically when the sales order is saved.

6. Is it mandatory to use all sales document types?

No, businesses can select or customize document types based on their operational needs.

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